Buy Sampoerna Cigarettes [TOP]

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In 2009, Congress enacted the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. Based on the rationale that flavored cigarettes appealed to kids, the act prohibited the production and sale of most flavored cigarettes. Clove cigarettes fell under the ruling.

Jumali AAW, Satari MH, Dewi W. Antibacterial effect of clove (Eugenia aromaticum) oil extracted from clove cigarettes towards Streptococcus mutans. Padjadjaran J Dent. 2018;25(1). doi:10.24198/pjd.vol25no1.15428

PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk, commonly known as Sampoerna (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈsampuɾna]), is an Indonesian tobacco company owned by Philip Morris International. Sampoerna is the largest tobacco company in Indonesia. It produces clove cigarettes, otherwise locally known as kretek cigarettes. A typical brand is Sampoerna 'A' Mild, a filter cigarette in white paper.[1]

In the 1930s, Liem Seeng Tee (Lin Shengdi) adopted the Indonesian name Sampoerna (in Dutch spelling, cf. sempurna) meaning "perfection" as his family name, thus becoming the company's namesake. Sampoerna began producing Dji Sam Soe in 1913 in Soerabaia, East Java. Following Seeng Tee's death in 1956, his two daughters took over the running of the company, while his two sons ran separate tobacco-related businesses. The daughters shifted the company's focus toward white cigarettes, which nearly caused bankruptcy for Sampoerna. Youngest son Liem Swie Ling, who ran a kretek factory in Bali, returned to Surabaya in 1959 to rescue the company. He shifted production back to hand-rolled Dji Sam Soe brand cigarettes. In 1968, the company launched Sampoerna A Hijau. By the mid-1970s, the company was producing over 1 million cigarettes daily and had 1,200 staff. Swie Ling in the 1970s began to hand over the running of the company to his second-eldest son, Liem Tien Pao, better known as Putera Sampoerna, who went on to modernize the company and expand its operations.[2] In 19 October 1990, Sampoerna A Mild was launched.[3]

At the end of May 2014, Sampoerna closed its Lumajang and Jember factories and laid off 4,900 employees due to declining sales of hand-rolled kretek cigarette as consumers moved to buy machine-made kretek cigarettes.[6]

Between March 1984 and May 1985, 12 cases of severe illnessespossibly associated with smoking clove cigarettes were reported toCDC. Signs and symptoms reported in the 11 hospitalized patientsincluded pulmonary edema, bronchospasm, and hemoptysis. Mildersymptoms reported with clove cigarette use included nausea andvomiting, angina, increased incidence of respiratory tract infections,exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, increased incidence and severityof asthma attacks, dyspnea, chronic cough, and epistaxis.Blood-streaked sputum and mild hemoptysis have been reported withparticular frequency. Following are two examples of reported severeillnesses possibly resulting from smoking clove cigarettes.

Case 1: On August 4, 1984, a 19-year-old white male athlete wasadmitted to a California hospital after the sudden onset of acuterespiratory distress. Three weeks before he was admitted, he hadnoted 7-10 days of cough and yellow sputum, but he had been feelingwell for the week before admission. On the night before admission, hesmoked two clove cigarettes and fell asleep for 3 hours. He awokeshort of breath and noted a fever to 39.3C (102.8 F). Fourteen hourslater, he was admitted to the hospital in acute respiratory distress,with a pulse of 144/minute, respiratory rate of 48/minute, temperatureof 39.3 C (100.8 F), and blood pressure of 138/74). Chest examinationrevealed a few scattered rhonchi and basilar rales, diminished breathsounds at the lung bases, and no dullness to percussion. A chestroentgenogram showed diffuse interstitial pulmonary edema with a smallamount of pleural fluid. His room air arterial pO((2)) was 56 mm Hg.His white blood count (WBC) was 21,500/cm((2)), with 88% neutrophils,10% bands, 1% lymphocytes, and 1% monocytes. Blood and sputumcultures were negative. He responded rapidly to intravenouscorticosteroids, diuretics, and bronchodilators. No antibiotics weregiven. He was discharged 2 days later with a near-normal chestroentgenogram and no apparent sequelae. He had previously smokedclove cigarettes without adverse consequences.

Case 2: On December 6, 1984, a 16-year-old black Ethiopian maleliving in the United States for the past 12 years was admitted to aCalifornia hospital. He had been in good health until the nightbefore admission, when he developed symptoms of an upper respiratorytract infection, fever, and nonproductive cough. The next day, henoted increasing dyspnea, nausea, and vomiting. By early evening, hewas admitted to the hospital in severe respiratory distress, with apulse of 124/minute, respiratory rate of 40/minute; and temperature of38.1 C (100.6 F). Chest examination revealed rare rhonchi but no ralesor wheezing. Chest roentgenogram showed bilateral diffuseinterstitial infiltrates without pleural effusions. His room airarterial pO((2)) was 47 mm Hg. His WBC was 30,200/cm((2)), with 91%neutrophils, 6% bands, 2% lymphocytes, and 2% monocytes. Blood andsputum cultures were negative. He was first treated withbroad-spectrum antibiotics for presumed infectious pneumonia ofunknown etiology. Bilateral pleural effusions developed over theensuing 2 days, and diagnostic thoracentesis showed an exudativepleural fluid with a protein of 5.2 g/dl. The same day, it becameknown that he had smoked clove cigarettes the night before beinghospitalized. Antibiotics were discontinued, and a course ofintravenous corticosteroids was begun. He continued to improve andwas discharged without sequelae. Both the pulmonary and infectiousdisease consultants believed the clinical course and laboratoryfindings were most consistent with a toxic rather than an infectiousprocess.Reported by FG Schechter, MD, Presbyterian Intercommunity Hospital,Whittier, P Hackett, MD, Q Rodriguez, MD, Northern Inyo Hospital,Bishop, AD Dauer, MD, NA Sagle, MD, University of Southern California,DK Houston, MD, LW Wilson, MD, Brotman Hospital, Los Angeles, JAKerley, MD, B Sanger, MD, Coronado Hospital, Coronado, HM Lee, MD, WTNishigaya, MD, Humana Hospital, West Anaheim, RE Perez, MD, Universityof California at Irvine, Orange, JW Stratton, MD, EpidemiologicalStudies Section, California Dept of Health Svcs; TL Guidotti, MD,University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; G Churchill, MD,Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; M Tafeen, MD, PlantationPediatric Group, Plantation, SH King, MD, JJ Sacks, MD, Acting StateEpidemiologist, Florida Dept of Health and Rehabilitative Svcs; Div ofField Svcs, Epidemiology Program Office, Special Studies Br, ChronicDiseases Div, Center for Environmental Health, CDC.

Editorial Note: The passive reporting system through which thesereports were received is useful for detecting rare and serious adverseeffects occurring shortly after exposure to a possibly toxicsubstance, but it is not possible to establish the exact incidence oran etiologic relationship. In evaluating the relationship betweencommon exposures and uncommon outcomes, clinicians and public healthofficials must maintain a high index of suspicion. With clovecigarettes, there is a disturbing pattern in the anecdotal reports ofpulmonary illness in previously healthy young adults, temporallylinked to clove cigarette smoking. This is especially true, sincehemoptysis and pulmonary edema are biologically plausible effects ofsmoking clove cigarettes. Further toxicologic and epidemiologic dataare needed to clarify the acute health effects, if any, of clovecigarettes in humans.

Since 1968, clove cigarettes have been imported into the UnitedStates from Indonesia. Sales in the United States have increased from12 million in calendar year 1980 to 150 million in fiscal year 1984(1). The cigarettes are sold throughout the United States. Themajority of persons buying the cigarettes are between the ages of 17and 30 years (2).

Clove cigarettes contain about 60%-70% tobacco and 30%-40%cloves. Exposure to tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide is higher fromclove cigarettes than from regular American cigarettes. In smokingmachine tests, clove cigarettes averaged over twice as much tar,nicotine, and carbon monoxide delivery as moderate tar-containingAmerican cigarettes (3). Also, in the United States, clove cigarettesmoke is inhaled deeply and retained in the lungs.

Although a cause-and-effect relationship between clove cigarettesmoking and the illnesses described in these patients is not proven,inhaling clove cigarette smoke may produce severe lung injury in alimited number of susceptible persons. Prodromal respiratory tractinfections reported by persons who have become severely ill aftersmoking the cigarettes may contribute to the development of severeillness or may reflect repeated aspirations into an airwayanesthetized by eugenol in clove cigarette smoke.

In addition to adverse health effects that may result from inhaledeugenol and pyrolyzed cloves, use of clove cigarettes may be changingthe smoking patterns of American teenagers. Some researchers havesuggested that eugenol, which is present in substantial quantities inclove cigarette smoke (4), anesthetizes the backs of smokers' throatsand tracheas, permitting deeper inhalation and possibly encouragingsmoking in persons who might otherwise be dissuaded by the harshnessof regular cigarettes. Whether the higher tar and nicotine content ofclove cigarettes leads clove cigarette smokers to smoke higher tarAmerican cigarettes is unknown (2).

In Indonesia, clove cigarettes are smoked by most adult males (5);health effects have not been systematically studied. In the UnitedStates, despite publicity in the popular press and an apparently largenumber of smokers, relatively few cases of severe illness linked toclove cigarettes have been reported.

Cloves are only one of hundreds of ingredients currently beingadded to cigarettes to manipulate cigarette flavor, aroma, and burningquality. The inhalation toxicology of cigarette additives has beeninfrequently studied. 2b1af7f3a8